Venomous Snakes of India
There are 270 species of snakes in India out of which about 60 are highly venomous.Approx 2000 snake's species found in world that is quit interesting ,But among 60 I am writing here about 7 most deadly dangerous snakes (including big four) sophisticated with lethal fangs to inject there venom which are mostly involve in biting and killing people.
In India activity like snake charming is common. People give importance to these snakes as like as god but many of them also serve with wooden lathe or strong stick to smash their head.Snakes also never intake any liquid beverages like liquor,water,milk etc.
Type of Venomous Snake
- Neurotoxin : (mostly found in elapids) Neurotoxin are substances that are poisonous or destructive to nerve tissue .Neurotoxins inhibit neuron control over ion concentrations across the cell membrane,or communication between neurons across a synapse.
- Hemotoxin : (mostly found in viperids) Hemotoxin are toxin that destroy red blood cells (that is, cause hemolysis),disrupt blood clotting, and/or cause organ degeneration and generalized tissue damage.
Venom:neurotoxic and cardiotoxic.
Size:The majority of adult specimens range from 1 to 1.5 metres.Some specimens,grow to lengths of 2.1 to 2.2 metres (6.9 to 7.2 ft), but this is relatively uncommon.
Other names: Spectacled cobra, Asian cobra , Binocellate cobra,Naja.
Feeding:mostly on rodents, lizards, and frogs
2.Indian Common Krait: The Bungarus,commonly referred as kraits is most dangerous venomous snake of India and one of the deadliest snakes of the world. The maximum deaths of common krait per bite is 60, It can be seen in the jungles of India,commonly found hidden in house (especially) that is the reason bite cases of krait increases by 70% in monsoon.At night, the snake is very active and escapes by hissing loudly, or keeping still.
size:The average length is 0.9 m (3.0 ft), but they can grow to 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in). Males are longer, with proportionately longer tails. The head is flat and the neck hardly evident. The body is cylindrical, tapering towards the tail.
Feeding:The common krait feeds primarily on other snakes, including blind worm snake,small wolf snakes,frogs.
3.Rusell's Viper :The Russell's viper is one of the most dangerous snakes not only in India but in all of Asia,accounting for thousands of deaths each year. Once bitten, people experience a wide variety of symptoms including pain, swelling, vomiting dizziness, blood incoagubility and kidney failure. Also known as Daboia.
Venom: Hemotoxic
Size:This snake can grow to a maximum total length (body + tail) of 166cm(5.5 ft) and averages about 120 cm (4 ft) on mainland Asian populations.
Feeding:It feeds primarily on rodents,scorpion,land crabs,lizard,shrew,squrriel.
Size:This snake can grow to a maximum total length (body + tail) of 166cm(5.5 ft) and averages about 120 cm (4 ft) on mainland Asian populations.
Feeding:It feeds primarily on rodents,scorpion,land crabs,lizard,shrew,squrriel.
4.Saw-Scale Viper :Known as saw-scaled viper,Indian saw-scaled viper, little Indian viper.Found on a range of different substrates, including sand, rock, soft soil and in scrublands.Often found hiding under loose rocks.This species is mostly crepsucular and nocturnal, although there have been reports of activity during daylight hours.During the daytime they hide in all kinds of places, such as deep mammal burrows, rock fissures and fallen rotted logs.
Venom: Hemotoxic.
Size:Size ranges between 38 and 80 cm (15-31.5 inches) in total length (body+tail), but usually no more than 60 cm (23.5 in).
Feeding:It feeds on rodents, lizard, frogs, and a variety of arthopods, such as scorpions,centipedes and large insects.
Above four snake(1-4) are called Big Four.
5.The King Cobra : The king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) is an elapid found predominantly in the forests from India through Southeast Asia. Despite the word "cobra" in its common name, this snake is not a member of the Naja genus ("true cobras"), which contains most cobra species, but the sole member of its own genus..The king cobra is considered to be a dangerous snake and has a fearsome reputation in its range, although it typically avoids confrontation with humans if possible.It is also considered culturally significant, with many legends and associations with Hindu gods around it in some Indian subcontinent cultures.A king cobra, like other snakes, receives chemical information via its forked tongue, which picks up scent particles and transfers them to a special sensory receptor (jacobson's organ) located in the roof of its mouth.This is akin to the human sense of smell.When concerned, it rears up the anterior portion (usually one-third) of its body when extending the neck, showing the fangs and hissing loudly.
Venom: primarily of neurotoxins, known as the haditoxin.This species is capable of delivering a fatal bite and the victim may receive a large quantity of venom with a dose anywhere from 200 to 500 mg.Accordingly, large quantities of antivenom may be needed to reverse the progression of symptoms developed if bitten by a king cobra.The toxins affect the victim's central nervous system, resulting in severe pain, blurred vision, vertigo, drowsiness,and eventually paralysis.If the envenomation is serious, it progresses to cardiovascular collapse, and the victim falls into a coma.Death soon follows due to respiratory failure.
Size: .The king cobra averages at 3 to 4 m (9.8 to 13.1 ft) in length and typically weighs about 6 kg (13 lb). The longest known specimen was kept captive at the London Zoo, and grew to around 18.5 to 18.8 ft (5.6 to 5.7 m).The skin of this snake is either olive-green, tan, or black, and it has faint, pale yellow cross bands down the length of the body. The belly is cream or pale yellow, and the scales are smooth. Juveniles are shiny black with narrow yellow bands (can be mistaken for a banded krait, but readily identified with its expandable hood.
Feeding:The king cobra's generic name, Ophiophagus is a Greek-derived word which means "snake-eater",and its diet consist of almost all small snakes found in it's region.When food is scarce, they may also feed on other small vertebrates, such as lizards, birds, and rodents.After a large meal, the snake may live for many months without another one because of its slow metabolic rate.
Size: .The king cobra averages at 3 to 4 m (9.8 to 13.1 ft) in length and typically weighs about 6 kg (13 lb). The longest known specimen was kept captive at the London Zoo, and grew to around 18.5 to 18.8 ft (5.6 to 5.7 m).The skin of this snake is either olive-green, tan, or black, and it has faint, pale yellow cross bands down the length of the body. The belly is cream or pale yellow, and the scales are smooth. Juveniles are shiny black with narrow yellow bands (can be mistaken for a banded krait, but readily identified with its expandable hood.
Feeding:The king cobra's generic name, Ophiophagus is a Greek-derived word which means "snake-eater",and its diet consist of almost all small snakes found in it's region.When food is scarce, they may also feed on other small vertebrates, such as lizards, birds, and rodents.After a large meal, the snake may live for many months without another one because of its slow metabolic rate.
6.Indian Pit Viper : Found in most of the peninsular India's hills.When threatened, it is aggressive and does not hesitate to bite.Also known as bomboo pit viper,Indian tree Viper.
Venom: Heamotoxin.
Size:Can be identified easily by checking triangular head which is much broader than neck, green dorsal marked with rich or faint black markings and yellow belly.length upto 113cm average length is 70cm.
Feeding: mostly on lizards,rats,worms.
7.Banded krait : The banded krait (Bungarus fasciatus) is a species of elapid snake found on the indian subcontinent northeast Indian states and in Southeast. Asia Banded kraits are shy, not typically seen, and are mainly nocturnal. When harassed, they will usually hide their heads under their coils, and do not generally attempt to bite,though at night they are much more active and widely considered to be more dangerous then.During the day, they lie up in grass, pits, or drains. The snakes are lethargic and sluggish even under provocation. They are most commonly seen when it's raining.
Venom: Neurotoxin.
Size:It is one of the largest kraits, with a maximum length up to 2.1 m (6 ft 11 in).
Feeding: The banded krait feeds mainly on other snakes, but is also known to eat fish,frogs,skinks, and snake eggs.
Nonvenomous Or Semi-Venomous Snakes of India
After Deadly 7 I want to tell you we cann't say certain snakes that it has no venom but not harmful for human beings. Though their bites may give you bacterial deadly infection with their teeth. Its better to don't disturb them.Coming to the topic Boas, pythons,bullsnakes and kingsnakes are examples of truly non-venomous snake species.Here I am Giving you the name and pics of some common snakes which falls in this category.Some of them are killed by human as they take these snakes as danger for them and kill them which really bad.example- Dhaman (Indian rat snake) looks like cobra species but Dhaman are shy snake its hardly want any incounter with human I think never similarly in case of wolf snake people think its krait but there is a lot of difference between them.. Enjoy the pics and you can ask me about these snakes through mail or comments if you also got these confusions.
- Indian Rock Python :The Indian python is a highly arboreal snake, once fairly common throughout the jungles of India, Sri Lanka, and the East Indies. It can grow to a length of about 20 feet (6 m).Like the boas and anacondas of the Americas, the python is a constrictor, a snake that kills its prey by squeezing. Mammals are preferred prey, but pythons will also eat birds, other animals, even fish (pythons often live near water and are good swimmers).
- Common Sand Boa: This is a subfamily of stout-bodied snakes, all of which are competent burrowers.rarely exceeds 120 cm (47 in) in total length (including tail). Most grow to around 60 cm (24 in) in totallength. They have small eyes and hard, small scales to protect their skin from the grit of sand.Females generally becoming much larger than males.
- Wolf Snake: Lycodon aulicus, commonly known as the Indian wolf snake, is a species of nonvenomous snake found in South Asia and Southeast Asia. Early naturalists have suggested its resemblance to the venomous common krait as an instance of Batesian mimicry.
- Banded kurki: Banded Kukris are reddish or greyish-brown with 10-12 black or dark brown bands. The top of the head has a distinct arrowhead design. Underneath they are white in appearance. The scales are smooth and glossy, head is thin with a blunt tip, and eyes are round-pupilled. These snakes get their name from their sharp, curved teeth, perfect for holding strong prey such as geckos.
- keelback(Stripped,Green,checkered,olive): striped keelback (Amphiesma stolatum) is a species of nonvenomous colubrid snake found across Asia. It is a typically nonaggressive snake that feeds on frogs and toads.
stripped keelback -- Green keelback has Stout and viper like in structure of body. Eye moderately large and the rostral scale is just visible from above. The suture between the internasals are as long as that between the prefrontals or a little shorter.
green keelback --The body of the Checkered Keelback snake is short, cylindrical and has a clear neck. Its head is slightly pointed. The eyes consist of a round pupils. Nostrils are narrow, directed slightly upwards. The tail is long. The female is longer in length than a male.
checkered keelback watersnake@flicker --The Split Keelback or Olive keelback snake, Atretium schistosum, is a species of snake found in South Asia. It is a common and harmless watersnake.
olive keelback watersnake - Indian Rat Snake(Dhaman): Dhamans, though harmless to humans, are fast-moving, excitable snakes. In captivity individuals remain highly territorial and may continue to defend their turf aggressively, attempting to startle or strike at passing objects. Dhamans are diurnal and semiarboreal. They inhabit forest floors, wetlands, rice paddies, farmland, and suburban areas where they prey upon small reptiles, amphibians, birds, and mammals. Adults, unusually for a colubrid, prefer to subdue their prey by sitting on it rather than by constricting, using body weight to weaken prey.
- Worm snake: Adults are small and thin. Averaging between 6.35-16.5 cm (2½ to 6½ inches) in length. The head and tail-tip look much the same, with no narrowing of the neck. The rudimentary eyes appear only as a pair of small dots under the head scales. The tip of the tail ends with a tiny pointed spur. The head scales are small and resemble those on the body.looks like Earthworm.Also known as brahminy blind snake, brahminy blindsnake
- Banded Racer: The Banded Racer, Argyrogena fasciolata, is a species of colubird snakeSnout obtuse, curved and prominent; rostral large, broader than wide, the portion visible from above more than half its length from the frontal; suture between the internasals as long as that between the prefrontals or a little shorter; frontal nearly as long as its distance from the end of the snout, or as the parietals;.
- Bronze Back Tree Snake: Dendrelaphis tristis is a long, one of my favorite slender snake with a pointed head and a bronze coloured line running down its back. Its diet includes geckos, birds and occasionally frogs. This harmless snake prefers the tree tops to life on the ground. It is camouflaged (made invisible by means of protective coloring ) among the leaves because of its uniform ruddy brown skin. its very very active and fast if you not able to catch it in first attempt don't hope for second. it can uplift freely almost half its body and can reach at unexpected height where other snakes can dream off hahah here is it
- Flying Snake: Chrysopelea, more commonly known as the flying snake or gliding snake, is a genus that belongs to the family Colubridae. Flying snakes are mildly venomous, though the venom is only dangerous to their small prey.
- Common Cat Snake: Boiga trigonata, commonly known as the Indian gamma snake or common cat snake, is a species of rear-fanged colubrid endemic to South Asia.Boiga trigonata strongly resembles venomous Echis carinatus in coloration and shape. Also, in India, these two species have almost identical geographic ranges. Well before you confuse let me tell you Echis carinates is scientific name of saw-scaled viper mention in venomous snake category. have a look
- Glossy Marsh Snake:
Commonly known as Gerard's Water Snake, Cat-eyed Fishing Snake, Cat-eyed Water Snake, Glossy Marsh Snake.nocturnal found in lobster holes in muds,swamp,tidal rivers. Behavior calm and rarely bites. Moderate swelling on bite site is observed which retains for few hours Viviperous. Female directly gives birth to 4-6 young individuals during early monsoon.  Thats all from me there is many more things about these lovely reptiles I cannot explain all over my blog . Sorry For errors and mistake if any ,your ideas and suggestions are alwys welcome.Respect wildlife love nature any queries contact via Email or Comment
source:my notes,dairy,tours,mentors,Internet,google,wikipedia,
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